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SDN and Network Programmability

Agenda Market Trends SDN and Network Programmability Controllers Perspective Infrastructure Perspective Holistic approach for Network Programmability Key Take-aways Market Trends There are lots of technology transitions happening in the industry. You can see it past 3-5 years in our field. For example connected devices outnumbered people in 2016 (mobility), 300K applications available in 2010 now  Full Article…

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BGP deep dive

BGP Basic Nomenclature BGP speaker – A router that implements BGP BGP identifier – Unique identifier of BGP speaker (IP address) Autonomous System (AS) -The classic definition of an Autonomous System is a set of routers under a single technical administration, using an interior gateway protocol (IGP) and common metrics to determine how to route  Full Article…

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IOS XR

In IOS XR when you are configuring something you need to commit it, so it is in runing config. The configuration is saved to candidate config before committing. You show the candidate config via command „show config“. When you commit the config thats gonna be merged with the running config. When you execute „show config  Full Article…

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IOS XR Configuration

BEWARE! that configuration in IOS XR is hierarchical. What does it mean? Check the picture of basic configuring for OSPF. You specify the same thing on different levels. For example the network point-to-multipoint is above the area. That means that all interfaces in all areas that does not have anything configured will have this type.  Full Article…

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IS-IS

Router to Router communication link-state IGP similar to OSPF Used in core of SP networks because its very scalable for flat network designs it has very simple design and implementation supports both ipv4 and ipv6 routing there is not as much functionality as in OSPF, because OSPF is designed to enterprise routing and IS-IS to  Full Article…

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BGP Aggregation

Aggregation applies to routes that exist in the BGP routing table. This is in contrast to the network command, discussed earlier in this chapter, which applies to routes that exist in the IP routing table. Aggregation can be performed if at least one more-specific route of the aggregate exists in the BGP routing table. Before we go to  Full Article…

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BGP Concepts and Theory

Before we go into the CCIE SP INE BGP details, we must have good BGP foundation knowledge. The CCIE INE starts from the Basic BGP WorkFlow article BGP is currently in version 4 and it replaced the EGP in the 1990. When you see the EGP tag in your BGP table this is not „Exterior  Full Article…

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BGP Attributes

BGP calculates its metric through a series of attributes. There are two braod categories of attributes and also we can say that 4 subcategories : Well known – These attributes must be supported  by every BGP router that is compatible for the BGP routing protocol Mandatory – must be included in every single BGP routing  Full Article…

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BGP Packet and Neighbor negotiation

BGP Header Marker – 16 byte field used for BGP authentication. If authentication is not used, Marker field contains all 1s Length – Length of BGP message Type – OPEN, UPDATE, NOTIFICATION, KEEPALIVE, ROUTE REFRESH (if peer support this capability) OPEN Message Format Open message is used for BGP session establishment. First we check what  Full Article…

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Injecting Routes into BGP

Information can be injected into BGP dynamically or statically. Dynamically injected routes come and go from the BGP routing table, depending on the status of the networks they identify. Statically injected routes are constantly maintained by the BGP routing tables, regardless of the status of the networks they identify. Each method has its pros and cons. Dynamic route injection  Full Article…

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